Test Prep LSAT Section 1 Logical Reasoning Exam Practice Questions (P. 3)
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Question #21
At the local butcher's shop, there were five customers in the lineup. Each of the customers bought something different.
The first names of the customers were Annie, Jessica, Lily, Maggie and Naomi. Their last names were Bore, Hazlitt, Piggott, Sowter and Trotter. The available products were: cumberland sausage, pork chops, pork pie, scotch eggs, and sliced ham.
Lily Piggott was served later than the customer who requested the sliced ham, but before Mrs. Sowter.
The second customer was Maggie.
The pork pie was purchased by the customer directly after Jessica.
Naomi was the woman who bought the scotch eggs; she was served after Annie.
The Cumberland sausage was requested by Mrs. Trotter.
Mrs. Hazlitt was the third in line.
The fourth customer in the line bought the pork chops
What place was Naomi in line?
The first names of the customers were Annie, Jessica, Lily, Maggie and Naomi. Their last names were Bore, Hazlitt, Piggott, Sowter and Trotter. The available products were: cumberland sausage, pork chops, pork pie, scotch eggs, and sliced ham.
Lily Piggott was served later than the customer who requested the sliced ham, but before Mrs. Sowter.
The second customer was Maggie.
The pork pie was purchased by the customer directly after Jessica.
Naomi was the woman who bought the scotch eggs; she was served after Annie.
The Cumberland sausage was requested by Mrs. Trotter.
Mrs. Hazlitt was the third in line.
The fourth customer in the line bought the pork chops
What place was Naomi in line?
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Question #22
Most of those who enjoy music play a musical instrument; therefore, if Maria enjoys music, she probably plays a musical instrument. Which one of the following most closely parallels the reasoning in the statement above?
- AThe majority of those who voted for Smith in the last election oppose abortion; therefore, if the residents of University City all voted for Smith, they probably oppose abortion.
- BIf you appreciate portrait painting you are probably a painter yourself; therefore, your own experience is probably the cause of your appreciation.
- CMost of those who join the army are male; therefore, if Jones did not join the army, Jones is probably female.
- DOver 50 percent of the high school students polled admitted hating homework; therefore, a majority of high school students do not like homework.
- EIf most workers drive to work, and Sam drives to work, then Sam must be a worker.
Correct Answer:
A
This choice parallels both the reasoning and the structure of the original. The original reasoning may be summarized as follows: most X -> Y; therefore X -> Y
(probably).
A
This choice parallels both the reasoning and the structure of the original. The original reasoning may be summarized as follows: most X -> Y; therefore X -> Y
(probably).
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Question #23
Mary: All Italians are great lovers.
Kathy: That is not so. I have met some Spaniards who were magnificent lovers.
Kathy's reply to Mary indicates that she has misunderstood Mary's remark to mean that
Kathy: That is not so. I have met some Spaniards who were magnificent lovers.
Kathy's reply to Mary indicates that she has misunderstood Mary's remark to mean that
- Aevery great lover is an Italian
- BItalians are best at the art of love
- CSpaniards are inferior to Italians.
- DItalian are more likely to be great lovers than Spaniards.
- Ethere is a relationship between nationality and love.
Correct Answer:
A
Kathy believes Mary to have meant that only Italians are great lovers. Therefore, Kathy takes issue with this and points out in her reply that there are non-Italians who are great lovers. A., if replaced for Mary's statement, would make Kathy's reply a reasonable one.
A
Kathy believes Mary to have meant that only Italians are great lovers. Therefore, Kathy takes issue with this and points out in her reply that there are non-Italians who are great lovers. A., if replaced for Mary's statement, would make Kathy's reply a reasonable one.
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Question #24
To paraphrase Oliver Wendell Holmes, taxes keep us civilized. Just look around you, at well-paved superhighways, air-conditioned schools, and modernized prisons, and you cannot help but agree with Holmes. Which one of the following is the strongest criticism of the statement above?
- AThe author never actually met Holmes.
- BThe author does not acknowledge those of us who do live near highways, schools, and prisons.
- CThe author does not assure us that he has been in a modernized prison.
- DThe author does not offer a biographical sketch of Holmes.
- EThe author does not define "civilized."
Correct Answer:
E
Without an implied or explicit definition of the "civilized," the relevance of the examples is vague, at best. A. and D. are irrelevant considerations, and B. and C., although possibly relevant, do not address the most apparent weakness of the passage.
E
Without an implied or explicit definition of the "civilized," the relevance of the examples is vague, at best. A. and D. are irrelevant considerations, and B. and C., although possibly relevant, do not address the most apparent weakness of the passage.
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Question #25
Forty years ago, hardly anybody thought about going to court to sue somebody. A person could bump a pedestrian with his Chrysler Airflow and the victim would say something like, "No harm done," and walk away. Ipso facto. No filing of codicils, taking of depositions or polling the jury. Attorneys need not apply. Which one of the following sentences most logically continues the above passage?
- AThe Chrysler Airflow is no longer the harmless machine it used to be.
- BFortunately, this is still the case.
- CUnfortunately, times have changed.
- DNew legislation affecting the necessity for codicils is a sign of the times.
- EBut now, as we know, law schools are full of eager young people.
Correct Answer:
C
The passage consistently implies a difference between the past and the present, and C. makes this contrast explicit. B. contradicts the implication of the passage, while A. and D. narrow the focus unnecessarily, and E.is irrelevant.
C
The passage consistently implies a difference between the past and the present, and C. makes this contrast explicit. B. contradicts the implication of the passage, while A. and D. narrow the focus unnecessarily, and E.is irrelevant.
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Question #26
Forty years ago, hardly anybody thought about going to court to sue somebody. A person could bump a pedestrian with his Chrysler Airflow and the victim would say something like, "No harm done," and walk away. Ipso facto. No filing of codicils, taking of depositions or polling the jury. Attorneys need not apply.
Which one of the following details, if true, would most strengthen the above statement?
Which one of the following details, if true, would most strengthen the above statement?
- AThere were fewer courthouses then than now.
- BThe marked increase in pedestrian accidents is a relatively recent occurrence.
- CMost citizens of 40 years ago were not familiar with their legal rights.
- DThe number of lawsuits filed during World War II was extremely low.
- EMost young attorneys were in the armed forces 40 years ago.
Correct Answer:
D
This fact would strengthen the merely impressionistic evidence that lawsuits were less prevalent 40 years ago. It is the only choice dealing directly with the implied subject of the passage - lawsuits.
D
This fact would strengthen the merely impressionistic evidence that lawsuits were less prevalent 40 years ago. It is the only choice dealing directly with the implied subject of the passage - lawsuits.
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Question #27
Tom is test driving a blue car. After driving for a short while he comes to the following conclusion: Since this car is blue, it must not accelerate quickly.
The foregoing conclusion can be properly drawn if it is also known that
The foregoing conclusion can be properly drawn if it is also known that
- Aall red cars accelerate quickly
- Bthere are some slow blue cars
- Call blue cars may not accelerate slowly
- Dall cars that accelerate quickly are red
- Eall slow cars are red
Correct Answer:
D
The given statement tells us only that the car is blue. For us to be assured that it is slow we must know either that every blue car is slow or that no blue car accelerates quickly. D. restricts quick acceleration to red cars.
D
The given statement tells us only that the car is blue. For us to be assured that it is slow we must know either that every blue car is slow or that no blue car accelerates quickly. D. restricts quick acceleration to red cars.
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Question #28
In 1975, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the federal government has exclusive rights to any oil and gas resources on the Atlantic Outer Shelf beyond the three- mile limit. Which one of the following must be true in order for this ruling to be logical?
- AThe U.S. Supreme Court has met recently.
- BThe Atlantic Outer Shelf may possibly contain oil and gas resources.
- CNo oil and gas resources exist within the three-mile limit.
- DIn 1977, the Court reversed this ruling.
- EOil and gas on the Atlantic Shelf has not been explored for in the past three years.
Correct Answer:
B
A ruling on resources must at least presume the possibility that such resources exist; otherwise it is absurd. All other choices are irrelevant to the ruling.
B
A ruling on resources must at least presume the possibility that such resources exist; otherwise it is absurd. All other choices are irrelevant to the ruling.
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Question #29
By passing more and more regulations allegedly to protect the environment, the state is driving the manufacturing industry away. And when the employers leave, the workers will follow. The number of new no growth or environmental rules passed each year is increasing by leaps and bounds. Rich environmentalists who think they are sympathetic to workers have no real sympathy for the blue-collar employees are injured by their activities.
One major manufacturer has been fined for failing to establish a car-pool plan. Another is accused of polluting the air with industrial emissions, although everyone knows that two thirds of the pollutants come from cars and trucks. No wonder the large manufacturers are moving to states with fewer restrictive laws. And as the manufacturers go, unemployment and the number of workers leaving the state will rise more rapidly than ever before.
The author's argument that strict environmental laws will eventually lead to loss of workers in the state will be most weakened if it can be shown that
One major manufacturer has been fined for failing to establish a car-pool plan. Another is accused of polluting the air with industrial emissions, although everyone knows that two thirds of the pollutants come from cars and trucks. No wonder the large manufacturers are moving to states with fewer restrictive laws. And as the manufacturers go, unemployment and the number of workers leaving the state will rise more rapidly than ever before.
The author's argument that strict environmental laws will eventually lead to loss of workers in the state will be most weakened if it can be shown that
- Aso far, the number of manufacturers who have left the state is small
- Bthe unemployment rate has climbed steadily in the last three years
- Cthe unemployment rate has climbed steadily in the last three years
- Dmost workers who leave the state give as their reason for leaving poor environmental quality
- Eseveral other manufacturing states have strict environmental laws
- Frich environmentalists are more powerful in many other states
Correct Answer:
C
The passage argues that environmental restrictions will lead to losses of jobs and hence workers, but if workers are already leaving because the environmental quality is poor, the argument is seriously weakened.
C
The passage argues that environmental restrictions will lead to losses of jobs and hence workers, but if workers are already leaving because the environmental quality is poor, the argument is seriously weakened.
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Question #30
By passing more and more regulations allegedly to protect the environment, the state is driving the manufacturing industry away. And when the employers leave, the workers will follow. The number of new no growth or environmental rules passed each year is increasing by leaps and bounds. Rich environmentalists who think they are sympathetic to workers have no real sympathy for the blue-collar employees are injured by their activities.
One major manufacturer has been fined for failing to establish a car-pool plan. Another is accused of polluting the air with industrial emissions, although everyone knows that two thirds of the pollutants come from cars and trucks. No wonder the large manufacturers are moving to states with fewer restrictive laws. And as the manufacturers go, unemployment and the number of workers leaving the state will rise more rapidly than ever before. Which one of the following is NOT an argument of this passage?
One major manufacturer has been fined for failing to establish a car-pool plan. Another is accused of polluting the air with industrial emissions, although everyone knows that two thirds of the pollutants come from cars and trucks. No wonder the large manufacturers are moving to states with fewer restrictive laws. And as the manufacturers go, unemployment and the number of workers leaving the state will rise more rapidly than ever before. Which one of the following is NOT an argument of this passage?
- AEnvironmentalists are responsible for depriving workers of their jobs.
- BWhen workers leave a state, it is a sign that manufacturers will follow.
- CA car-pool law should not be enforced, as cars and trucks are responsible for most airpollition.
- DLarge manufacturers perfer states with fewer restrictions.
- EA rise in unemployment will lead to an increase in workers leaving the state.
Correct Answer:
B
The passage makes no comment on workers leaving before a manufacturer. It argues that the loss of manufacturers leads to a loss of workers E.
B
The passage makes no comment on workers leaving before a manufacturer. It argues that the loss of manufacturers leads to a loss of workers E.
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