GIAC GCPM Exam Practice Questions (P. 5)
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Question #42
In which of the following processes are the results of executing the quality activities recorded and monitored in order to assess performance and recommend necessary changes?
- APlan Quality
- BPerform Quality Assurance
- CControl Cost
- DPerform Quality Control
Correct Answer:
D
Answer option D is correct.
The Perform Quality Control process is one of the ten processes grouped in the Monitoring and Controlling Process group. During the Perform Quality Control process, results of executing the quality activities are recorded and monitored in order to assess performance and recommend necessary changes.
Inputs -
Following are the seven inputs for the Perform Quality Control process:
✑ Project management plan
✑ Quality metrics
✑ Quality checklists
✑ Work performance measurements
✑ Approved change requests
✑ Deliverables
✑ Organizational process assets
Outputs -
Following are the seven outputs of the Perform Quality Control process:
Quality control measurements -
✑ Validated changes
✑ Validated deliverables
✑ Organizational process assets updates
✑ Change requests
✑ Project management plan updates
✑ Project document updates
✑ Answer option A is incorrect. The Plan Quality process is for identifying quality requirements and standards for the project and product. This process also documents how the project will demonstrate compliance.
Inputs -
Following are the seven inputs of the Plan Quality process:
✑ Scope baseline
✑ Stakeholder register
✑ Cost performance baseline
✑ Schedule baseline
✑ Risk register
✑ Enterprise environmental factors
✑ Organizational process assets
Outputs -
The Plan Quality process has the following five outputs:
✑ Quality Management plan
✑ Quality metrics
✑ Quality checklists
✑ Process improvement plan
✑ Project document updates
Answer option B is incorrect. The Perform Quality Assurance process is used to review the quality requirements and outcomes from quality control measurements to make sure the quality standards are up to mark.
Answer option C is incorrect. The Control Cost process is used to examine the condition of the project to update the project budget and deal with changes to cost baseline.
Reference: "Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide), Fourth edition"
Chapter: Quality and Risk Management
Objective: Quality Control and Change Control
D
Answer option D is correct.
The Perform Quality Control process is one of the ten processes grouped in the Monitoring and Controlling Process group. During the Perform Quality Control process, results of executing the quality activities are recorded and monitored in order to assess performance and recommend necessary changes.
Inputs -
Following are the seven inputs for the Perform Quality Control process:
✑ Project management plan
✑ Quality metrics
✑ Quality checklists
✑ Work performance measurements
✑ Approved change requests
✑ Deliverables
✑ Organizational process assets
Outputs -
Following are the seven outputs of the Perform Quality Control process:
Quality control measurements -
✑ Validated changes
✑ Validated deliverables
✑ Organizational process assets updates
✑ Change requests
✑ Project management plan updates
✑ Project document updates
✑ Answer option A is incorrect. The Plan Quality process is for identifying quality requirements and standards for the project and product. This process also documents how the project will demonstrate compliance.
Inputs -
Following are the seven inputs of the Plan Quality process:
✑ Scope baseline
✑ Stakeholder register
✑ Cost performance baseline
✑ Schedule baseline
✑ Risk register
✑ Enterprise environmental factors
✑ Organizational process assets
Outputs -
The Plan Quality process has the following five outputs:
✑ Quality Management plan
✑ Quality metrics
✑ Quality checklists
✑ Process improvement plan
✑ Project document updates
Answer option B is incorrect. The Perform Quality Assurance process is used to review the quality requirements and outcomes from quality control measurements to make sure the quality standards are up to mark.
Answer option C is incorrect. The Control Cost process is used to examine the condition of the project to update the project budget and deal with changes to cost baseline.
Reference: "Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide), Fourth edition"
Chapter: Quality and Risk Management
Objective: Quality Control and Change Control
Question #43
Which of the following theories describes the statement below?
"It states that there are certain factors in the workplace that cause job satisfaction, while a separate set of factors cause dissatisfaction."
"It states that there are certain factors in the workplace that cause job satisfaction, while a separate set of factors cause dissatisfaction."
- AHerzberg's theory
- BOuchi's Theory Z
- CMcGregor's X and Y
- DExpectancy theory
Correct Answer:
A
Answer option A is correct.
Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory, also known as Two Factor Theory, was developed by Frederick Herzberg, a psychologist who found that job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction acted independently of each other. Two Factor Theory states that there are certain factors in the workplace that cause job satisfaction, while a separate set of factors cause dissatisfaction. Two Factor Theory distinguishes between the following:
✑ Motivators (e.g. challenging work, recognition, responsibility) which give positive satisfaction, arising from intrinsic conditions of the job itself, such as recognition, achievement, or personal growth.
✑ Hygiene factors (e.g. status, job security, salary and fringe benefits) which do not give positive satisfaction, although dissatisfaction results from their absence.
These are extrinsic to the work itself, and include aspects, such as company policies, supervisory practices, or wages/salary.
Essentially, hygiene factors are needed to ensure an employee is not dissatisfied. Motivation factors are needed in order to motivate an employee to higher performance, Herzberg also further classified our actions and how and why we do them, for example, if you perform a work-related action because you have to, then that is classed as movement, but if you perform a work-related action because you want to, then that is classed as motivation.
Answer option B is incorrect. Ouchi's Theory Z, also known as the Japanese management style, believes in participative management. The organization is more of a familiar environment, and the organization strives for lifelong employment. Theory Z is the name applied to two competing management theories. In contrast to
Theory X, which stated that workers inherently dislike and avoid work and must be driven to it, and Theory Y, which stated that work is natural and can be a source of satisfaction when aimed at higher order human psychological needs, Theory Z focused on increasing employee loyalty to the company by providing a job for life with a strong focus on the well-being of the employee, both on and off the job. According to Ouchi, Theory Z management tends to promote stable employment, high productivity, and high employee morale and satisfaction.
Answer option C is incorrect. McGregor's X and Y theory describes the project team members and their behavior on the project and how management responds.
Answer option D is incorrect. Expectancy theory is about choice. It explains the processes that an individual undergoes to make choices. In organizational behavior study, expectancy theory is a motivation theory first proposed by Victor Vroom of the Yale School of Management. Expectancy theory predicts that employees in an organization will be motivated when they believe that:
✑ putting in more effort will yield better job performance
✑ better job performance will lead to organizational rewards, such as an increase in salary or benefits these predicted organizational rewards are valued by the employee in question.
In order to enhance the performance-outcome tie, managers should use systems that tie rewards very closely to performance. Managers also need to ensure that the rewards provided are deserved and wanted by the recipients. In order to improve the effort-performance tie, managers should engage in training to improve their capabilities and improve their belief that added effort will in fact lead to better performance.
Reference: "Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide), Fourth edition"
Chapter: Communications and Human Resources
Objective: Team Building
A
Answer option A is correct.
Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory, also known as Two Factor Theory, was developed by Frederick Herzberg, a psychologist who found that job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction acted independently of each other. Two Factor Theory states that there are certain factors in the workplace that cause job satisfaction, while a separate set of factors cause dissatisfaction. Two Factor Theory distinguishes between the following:
✑ Motivators (e.g. challenging work, recognition, responsibility) which give positive satisfaction, arising from intrinsic conditions of the job itself, such as recognition, achievement, or personal growth.
✑ Hygiene factors (e.g. status, job security, salary and fringe benefits) which do not give positive satisfaction, although dissatisfaction results from their absence.
These are extrinsic to the work itself, and include aspects, such as company policies, supervisory practices, or wages/salary.
Essentially, hygiene factors are needed to ensure an employee is not dissatisfied. Motivation factors are needed in order to motivate an employee to higher performance, Herzberg also further classified our actions and how and why we do them, for example, if you perform a work-related action because you have to, then that is classed as movement, but if you perform a work-related action because you want to, then that is classed as motivation.
Answer option B is incorrect. Ouchi's Theory Z, also known as the Japanese management style, believes in participative management. The organization is more of a familiar environment, and the organization strives for lifelong employment. Theory Z is the name applied to two competing management theories. In contrast to
Theory X, which stated that workers inherently dislike and avoid work and must be driven to it, and Theory Y, which stated that work is natural and can be a source of satisfaction when aimed at higher order human psychological needs, Theory Z focused on increasing employee loyalty to the company by providing a job for life with a strong focus on the well-being of the employee, both on and off the job. According to Ouchi, Theory Z management tends to promote stable employment, high productivity, and high employee morale and satisfaction.
Answer option C is incorrect. McGregor's X and Y theory describes the project team members and their behavior on the project and how management responds.
Answer option D is incorrect. Expectancy theory is about choice. It explains the processes that an individual undergoes to make choices. In organizational behavior study, expectancy theory is a motivation theory first proposed by Victor Vroom of the Yale School of Management. Expectancy theory predicts that employees in an organization will be motivated when they believe that:
✑ putting in more effort will yield better job performance
✑ better job performance will lead to organizational rewards, such as an increase in salary or benefits these predicted organizational rewards are valued by the employee in question.
In order to enhance the performance-outcome tie, managers should use systems that tie rewards very closely to performance. Managers also need to ensure that the rewards provided are deserved and wanted by the recipients. In order to improve the effort-performance tie, managers should engage in training to improve their capabilities and improve their belief that added effort will in fact lead to better performance.
Reference: "Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide), Fourth edition"
Chapter: Communications and Human Resources
Objective: Team Building
Question #50
Which of the following quality costs determines, assesses, or audits products or services to assure conformance to quality standards and performance requirements?
- APrevention cost
- BAppraisal cost
- CExternal failure cost
- DInternal failure cost
Correct Answer:
B
Answer option B is correct.
Appraisal cost determines, assesses, or audits products or services to assure conformance to quality standards and performance requirements.
The cost of conformance to quality defines the cost of training, proper resources, and the costs the project must spend in order to ascertain the expected levels of quality the customer expects from the project. It is the capital used up throughout the project to avoid failures. It consists of two types of costs:
✑ Prevention costs: It is measured to build a quality product. It includes costs in training, document processing, equipment, and time to do it right.
Appraisal costs: It is measured to assess the quality. It includes testing, destructive testing loss, and inspections.
Answer options D and C are incorrect. The cost of nonconformance (failure cost) is also acknowledged as cost of poor quality. It can be categorized as follows:
✑ Internal Failure Costs: Internal failure costs are failures found by the project. Rework and scraps are part of such costs.
✑ External Failure Costs: External failure costs are failures found by the customer. Liabilities, warranty work, and lost businesses are examples of such costs.
Reference: "Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide), Fourth edition"
Chapter: Quality and Risk Management
Objective: Cost of Quality
B
Answer option B is correct.
Appraisal cost determines, assesses, or audits products or services to assure conformance to quality standards and performance requirements.
The cost of conformance to quality defines the cost of training, proper resources, and the costs the project must spend in order to ascertain the expected levels of quality the customer expects from the project. It is the capital used up throughout the project to avoid failures. It consists of two types of costs:
✑ Prevention costs: It is measured to build a quality product. It includes costs in training, document processing, equipment, and time to do it right.
Appraisal costs: It is measured to assess the quality. It includes testing, destructive testing loss, and inspections.
Answer options D and C are incorrect. The cost of nonconformance (failure cost) is also acknowledged as cost of poor quality. It can be categorized as follows:
✑ Internal Failure Costs: Internal failure costs are failures found by the project. Rework and scraps are part of such costs.
✑ External Failure Costs: External failure costs are failures found by the customer. Liabilities, warranty work, and lost businesses are examples of such costs.
Reference: "Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide), Fourth edition"
Chapter: Quality and Risk Management
Objective: Cost of Quality
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