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Test Prep NCLEX-PN Exam Practice Questions (P. 3)

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Question #21
A client, age 28, was recently diagnosed with Hodgkins disease. After staging, therapy is planned to include combination radiation therapy and systemic chemotherapy with MOPP nitrogen mustard, vincristine (Onconvin), prednisone, and procarbazine. In planning care for this client, the nurse should anticipate which of the following side effects to contribute to a sense of altered body image?
  1. A
    cushingoid appearance
  2. B
    alopecia
  3. C
    temporary or permanent sterility
  4. D
    pathologic fractures

Correct Answer:
D
Pathologic fractures are not common to the disease process. Its treatment through osteoporosis is a potential complication of steroid use. Hodgkins disease most commonly affects young adults (males), is spread through lymphatic channels to contiguous nodes, and also might spread via the hematogenous route to extradal sites (GI, bone marrow, skin, and other organs). A working staging classification is performed for clinical use and care. Physiological Adaptation

Question #22
Which of the following is an inappropriate item to include in planning care for a severely neutropenic client?
  1. A
    Transfuse netrophils (granulocytes) to prevent infection.
  2. B
    Exclude raw vegetables from the diet.
  3. C
    Avoid administering rectal suppositories.
  4. D
    Prohibit vases of fresh flowers and plants in the client’s room.

Correct Answer:
A
Granulocyte transfusion is not indicated to prevent infection. Produced in the bone marrow, granulocytes normally comprise 70% of all WBCs. They are subdivided into three types based on staining properties: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. They can be beneficial in a selected population of infected, severely granulocytopenic clients (less than 500/mm3) who do not respond to antibiotic therapy and who are expected to experience prolonged suppression of granulocyte production. Physiological Adaptation

Question #23
Which sign might the nurse see in a client with a high ammonia level?
  1. A
    coma
  2. B
    edema
  3. C
    hypoxia
  4. D
    polyuria

Correct Answer:
A
Coma might be seen in a client with a high ammonia level. Reduction of Risk Potential

Question #24
A client with which of the following conditions is at risk for developing a high ammonia level?
  1. A
    renal failure
  2. B
    psoriasis
  3. C
    lupus
  4. D
    cirrhosis

Correct Answer:
D
A client with cirrhosis is at risk for developing a high ammonia level. Reduction of Risk Potential

Question #25
For which of the following conditions might blood be drawn for uric acid level?
  1. A
    asthma
  2. B
    gout
  3. C
    diverticulitis
  4. D
    meningitis

Correct Answer:
B
Uric acid levels are indicated for clients with gout. Reduction of Risk Potential

Question #26
Which of the following foods might a client with a hypercholesterolemia need to decrease his or her intake of?
  1. A
    broiled catfish
  2. B
    hamburgers
  3. C
    wheat bread
  4. D
    fresh apples

Correct Answer:
B
Due to the high cholesterol content of red meats, such as hamburger, intake needs to be decreased. The other options do not have high cholesterol content, so they do not need to be decreased. Reduction of Risk Potential

Question #27
Which of the following lab values is associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease?
  1. A
    high HDL cholesterol
  2. B
    low HDL cholesterol
  3. C
    low total cholesterol
  4. D
    low triglycerides

Correct Answer:
A
High HDL cholesterol and low LDL cholesterol are associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease. Reduction of Risk Potential

Question #28
Which of the following organs of the digestive system has a primary function of absorption?
  1. A
    stomach
  2. B
    pancreas
  3. C
    small intestine
  4. D
    gallbladder

Correct Answer:
C
The small intestine has a primary function of absorption. The remaining digestive organs have other primary functions. Physiological Adaptation

Question #29
For a client with suspected appendicitis, the nurse should expect to find abdominal tenderness in which quadrant?
  1. A
    upper right
  2. B
    upper left
  3. C
    lower right
  4. D
    lower left

Correct Answer:
C
The nurse should expect to find abdominal tenderness in the lower-right quadrant in a client with appendicitis. Physiological Adaptation

Question #30
A 20-year-old obese female client is preparing to have gastric bypass surgery for weight loss. She says to the nurse, "I need this surgery because nothing else I have done has helped me to lose weight." Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
  1. A
    "If you eat less, you can save some money."
  2. B
    "Exercise is a healthier way to lose weight."
  3. C
    "You should try the Atkins diet first."
  4. D
    "I respect your decision to choose surgery."

Correct Answer:
D
This statement is most appropriate, as it shows respect and empathy. The other statements are both insensitive and unprofessional. Physiological Adaptation

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