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Google Professional Cloud Network Engineer Exam Practice Questions (P. 2)

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Question #11
You are trying to update firewall rules in a shared VPC for which you have been assigned only Network Admin permissions. You cannot modify the firewall rules.
Your organization requires using the least privilege necessary.
Which level of permissions should you request?
  1. A
    Security Admin privileges from the Shared VPC Admin.
  2. B
    Service Project Admin privileges from the Shared VPC Admin.
  3. C
    Shared VPC Admin privileges from the Organization Admin.
  4. D
    Organization Admin privileges from the Organization Admin.

Correct Answer:
A
Reference:
https://cloud.google.com/vpc/docs/shared-vpc

Question #12
You want to create a service in GCP using IPv6.
What should you do?
  1. A
    Create the instance with the designated IPv6 address.
  2. B
    Configure a TCP Proxy with the designated IPv6 address.
  3. C
    Configure a global load balancer with the designated IPv6 address.
  4. D
    Configure an internal load balancer with the designated IPv6 address.

Correct Answer: C
chatbot-img GPT-4o - Answer
Configuring a TCP Proxy with a designated IPv6 address is currently the correct approach when setting up services that necessitate IPv6 capabilities in GCP. This method ensures that your service can handle IPv6 requests effectively, even though configuring a Global Load Balancer with an IPv6 might also seem feasible. However, it's critical to note that directly assigning an IPv6 address to an instance or internal load balancer won't suffice, as they require specific subnet configurations within a VPC to support IPv6.

Question #13
You want to deploy a VPN Gateway to connect your on-premises network to GCP. You are using a non BGP-capable on-premises VPN device. You want to minimize downtime and operational overhead when your network grows. The device supports only IKEv2, and you want to follow Google-recommended practices.
What should you do?
  1. A
    "¢ Create a Cloud VPN instance. "¢ Create a policy-based VPN tunnel per subnet. "¢ Configure the appropriate local and remote traffic selectors to match your local and remote networks. "¢ Create the appropriate static routes.
  2. B
    "¢ Create a Cloud VPN instance. "¢ Create a policy-based VPN tunnel. "¢ Configure the appropriate local and remote traffic selectors to match your local and remote networks. "¢ Configure the appropriate static routes.
  3. C
    "¢ Create a Cloud VPN instance. "¢ Create a route-based VPN tunnel. "¢ Configure the appropriate local and remote traffic selectors to match your local and remote networks. "¢ Configure the appropriate static routes.
  4. D
    "¢ Create a Cloud VPN instance. "¢ Create a route-based VPN tunnel. "¢ Configure the appropriate local and remote traffic selectors to 0.0.0.0/0. "¢ Configure the appropriate static routes.

Correct Answer:
D
Reference:
https://cloud.google.com/vpn/docs/concepts/choosing-networks-routing

Question #14
Your company just completed the acquisition of Altostrat (a current GCP customer). Each company has a separate organization in GCP and has implemented a custom DNS solution. Each organization will retain its current domain and host names until after a full transition and architectural review is done in one year.
These are the assumptions for both GCP environments.
"¢ Each organization has enabled full connectivity between all of its projects by using Shared VPC.
"¢ Both organizations strictly use the 10.0.0.0/8 address space for their instances, except for bastion hosts (for accessing the instances) and load balancers for serving web traffic.
"¢ There are no prefix overlaps between the two organizations.
"¢ Both organizations already have firewall rules that allow all inbound and outbound traffic from the 10.0.0.0/8 address space.
"¢ Neither organization has Interconnects to their on-premises environment.
You want to integrate networking and DNS infrastructure of both organizations as quickly as possible and with minimal downtime.
Which two steps should you take? (Choose two.)
  1. A
    Provision Cloud Interconnect to connect both organizations together.
  2. B
    Set up some variant of DNS forwarding and zone transfers in each organization.
  3. C
    Connect VPCs in both organizations using Cloud VPN together with Cloud Router.
  4. D
    Use Cloud DNS to create A records of all VMs and resources across all projects in both organizations.
  5. E
    Create a third organization with a new host project, and attach all projects from your company and Altostrat to it using shared VPC.

Correct Answer: BC
chatbot-img GPT-4o - Answer
The selection of Cloud VPN alongside Cloud Router (C) enables secure and direct connectivity between the two organizations' VPCs relying on common IP addressing, offering a quick route to integration without altering existing setups. On the other hand, creating A records via Cloud DNS (D) in a unified approach simplifies DNS management across both organizations, facilitating immediate access to resources irrespective of organizational boundaries. Both choices align with the goal of minimal downtime and the swift unification of network infrastructures, while abiding by the present DNS and domain retention directives. Always ensure each solution matches organizational strategies and compliance.

Question #15
Your on-premises data center has 2 routers connected to your Google Cloud environment through a VPN on each router. All applications are working correctly; however, all of the traffic is passing across a single VPN instead of being load-balanced across the 2 connections as desired.
During troubleshooting you find:
"¢ Each on-premises router is configured with a unique ASN.
"¢ Each on-premises router is configured with the same routes and priorities.
"¢ Both on-premises routers are configured with a VPN connected to a single Cloud Router.
"¢ BGP sessions are established between both on-premises routers and the Cloud Router.
"¢ Only 1 of the on-premises router's routes are being added to the routing table.
What is the most likely cause of this problem?
  1. A
    The on-premises routers are configured with the same routes.
  2. B
    A firewall is blocking the traffic across the second VPN connection.
  3. C
    You do not have a load balancer to load-balance the network traffic.
  4. D
    The ASNs being used on the on-premises routers are different.

Correct Answer:
D
chatbot-img GPT-4o - Answer
When configuring routers for connectivity to Google Cloud, it's critical to use the same ASNs (Autonomous System Numbers) across on-premises routers if load balancing of traffic across multiple VPNs is desired. The routing behavior observed, where only one VPN route is being used, is indeed due to the Cloud Router prioritizing the path with the lower ASN. Unifying the ASNs across all on-premises routers can resolve this issue and enable expected load-balancing behavior.

Question #16
You have ordered Dedicated Interconnect in the GCP Console and need to give the Letter of Authorization/Connecting Facility Assignment (LOA-CFA) to your cross-connect provider to complete the physical connection.
Which two actions can accomplish this? (Choose two.)
  1. A
    Open a Cloud Support ticket under the Cloud Interconnect category.
  2. B
    Download the LOA-CFA from the Hybrid Connectivity section of the GCP Console.
  3. C
    Run gcloud compute interconnects describe <interconnect>.
  4. D
    Check the email for the account of the NOC contact that you specified during the ordering process.
  5. E
    Contact your cross-connect provider and inform them that Google automatically sent the LOA/CFA to them via email, and to complete the connection.

Correct Answer: BD
chatbot-img GPT-4o - Answer
Regarding the LOA-CFA for Dedicated Interconnect after ordering from GCP: the document is primarily sent via email to the listed NOC contact, so ensure to check this mailbox. You can directly forward the LOA-CFA to your cross-connect provider from here. Additionally, though not primarily mentioned, it's possible to download the LOA-CFA from the Hybrid Connectivity section in the Google Cloud Console, if necessary. Thus, keeping an eye on the email and facilitating the document to your provider will be your main actions to enable the physical connection set-up.

Question #17
Your company offers a popular gaming service. Your instances are deployed with private IP addresses, and external access is granted through a global load balancer. You believe you have identified a potential malicious actor, but aren't certain you have the correct client IP address. You want to identify this actor while minimizing disruption to your legitimate users.
What should you do?
  1. A
    Create a Cloud Armor Policy rule that denies traffic and review necessary logs.
  2. B
    Create a Cloud Armor Policy rule that denies traffic, enable preview mode, and review necessary logs.
  3. C
    Create a VPC Firewall rule that denies traffic, enable logging and set enforcement to disabled, and review necessary logs.
  4. D
    Create a VPC Firewall rule that denies traffic, enable logging and set enforcement to enabled, and review necessary logs.

Correct Answer: B
chatbot-img GPT-4o - Answer
The best approach in this situation is to utilize Google Cloud Armor's preview mode, as detailed in Cloud Armor’s documentation regarding security policies. This method allows for the logging of suspect IPs without obstructing traffic—ensuring no legitimate users are inadvertently affected while investigating potential threats. Cloud Armor provides visibility at the application layer, which is critical when dealing with services exposed through a Global Load Balancer, where application-level inspection is essential to pinpoint the original client's IP address.

Question #18
Your company's web server administrator is migrating on-premises backend servers for an application to GCP. Libraries and configurations differ significantly across these backend servers. The migration to GCP will be lift-and-shift, and all requests to the servers will be served by a single network load balancer frontend.
You want to use a GCP-native solution when possible.
How should you deploy this service in GCP?
  1. A
    Create a managed instance group from one of the images of the on-premises servers, and link this instance group to a target pool behind your load balancer.
  2. B
    Create a target pool, add all backend instances to this target pool, and deploy the target pool behind your load balancer.
  3. C
    Deploy a third-party virtual appliance as frontend to these servers that will accommodate the significant differences between these backend servers.
  4. D
    Use GCP's ECMP capability to load-balance traffic to the backend servers by installing multiple equal-priority static routes to the backend servers.

Correct Answer:
B
Reference:
https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instance-groups/adding-an-instance-group-to-a-load-balancer

Question #19
You decide to set up Cloud NAT. After completing the configuration, you find that one of your instances is not using the Cloud NAT for outbound NAT.
What is the most likely cause of this problem?
  1. A
    The instance has been configured with multiple interfaces.
  2. B
    An external IP address has been configured on the instance.
  3. C
    You have created static routes that use RFC1918 ranges.
  4. D
    The instance is accessible by a load balancer external IP address.

Correct Answer:
B
Reference:
https://www.sovereignsolutionscorp.com/google-cloud-nat/

Question #20
You want to set up two Cloud Routers so that one has an active Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) session, and the other one acts as a standby.
Which BGP attribute should you use on your on-premises router?
  1. A
    AS-Path
  2. B
    Community
  3. C
    Local Preference
  4. D
    Multi-exit Discriminator

Correct Answer:
D
Reference:
https://cloud.google.com/router/docs/concepts/overview

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